Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: PhIP-driven prostate cancer involves key molecular regulators and immune microenvironment modulation

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1782240

Figure Lengend Snippet: PhIP exposure induces cytotoxicity in RWPE-1 cells and downregulates SLC14A1 expression in PC-3 cells. (A) Immunohistochemical staining of SLC14A1 in prostate cancer tissues and normal prostate tissues based on data from the HPA database. (B) Cell viability of RWPE-1 cells after treatment with increasing concentrations of PhIP for 48 h, as determined by CCK-8 assay. (C) Protein expression levels of SLC14A1 in PC-3 cells following PhIP treatment, as assessed by Western blot. (D) Relative mRNA expression levels of SLC14A1 in PC-3 cells after PhIP treatment, as determined by qRT-PCR (**p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001).

Article Snippet: The human prostatic epithelial cell line RWPE-1 and the human prostate cancer cell line PC-3 were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

Techniques: Expressing, Immunohistochemical staining, Staining, CCK-8 Assay, Western Blot, Quantitative RT-PCR

Journal: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

Article Title: Site-Specific Abiraterone Protein–Drug Conjugates via Hedgehog Autoprocessing

doi: 10.1021/acsami.5c22490

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic of hedgehog-mediated abirateronylation as a noncanonical PTM (ncPTM) for generating protein–drug conjugates (PDCs). An intrinsically disordered protein polymer (IDPP) serves as the model protein scaffold. The resulting hybrid biopolymers are internalized by DU145 cells and exert cytotoxicity. Created with BioRender.com

Article Snippet: DU145 human prostate cancer cells (ATCC HTB-81) were cultured in high-glucose DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 0.1% penicillin–streptomycin at 37 °C in a humidified 5% CO 2 atmosphere.

Techniques: Polymer

Journal: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

Article Title: Site-Specific Abiraterone Protein–Drug Conjugates via Hedgehog Autoprocessing

doi: 10.1021/acsami.5c22490

Figure Lengend Snippet: Biophysical and biological assessment of the optimized PDC and controls. (a) Hydrodynamic radius ( R h ) of (A,40) carrier (E), E–Abi and E–Chol at 50 μM and 200 μM, measured by dynamic light scattering. E–Abi forms reversible, concentration-dependent oligomers. (b) Release kinetics of conjugated sterols (E-Abi, E–Andro and E–Chol) in PBS (pH 6.5) at 37 °C, along with the chemical structures of Abi and Andro tail groups. E–Abi and E–Andro shows sustained release, whereas E–Chol displays negligible sterol release over the same period. Shaded areas represent the 95% confidence intervals of the nonlinear regression fit to a first-order kinetics model. (c) Dose–response curves for DU145 prostate cancer cells after 72 h exposure to free drug, conjugate, and controls (measured by MTT assay; nonlinear dose–response fit). (d) Viability of 3D DU145 spheroids after 24-h treatment with 100 μM of each compound, showing superior efficiency of E–Abi. (e) Representative live/dead fluorescence images of treated spheroids. Live cells are stained green (calcein AM), and dead cells are stained red (propidium iodide). Data are mean ± s.d. ( n = 3). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with posthoc tests (Tukey’s for a, Holm–Sidak’s for d): * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 and **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: DU145 human prostate cancer cells (ATCC HTB-81) were cultured in high-glucose DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 0.1% penicillin–streptomycin at 37 °C in a humidified 5% CO 2 atmosphere.

Techniques: Concentration Assay, MTT Assay, Fluorescence, Staining

Journal: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

Article Title: Site-Specific Abiraterone Protein–Drug Conjugates via Hedgehog Autoprocessing

doi: 10.1021/acsami.5c22490

Figure Lengend Snippet: Lipidation-dependent modulation of biopolymer penetration in 3D tumor spheroids. (a–c) Representative bivariate flow cytometry dot plots of WGA-Alexa Fluor 680 (membrane label) versus carrier-Alexa Fluor 488. The gated population represents WGA + /Carrier + cells, and the percentage of uptake-positive cells is indicated for each condition. DU145 spheroids were incubated overnight with labeled (a) E, (b) E–Abi, (c) E–Chol, dissociated to single cells, and analyzed by flow cytometry. (d) Bar graph summarizing the fraction of uptake-positive cells across treatments. (e–g) Confocal z-stack images of DU145 spheroids treated with E, E–Abi, or E–Chol for 24 h. WGA (AF680, red) marks the cell membrane, and constructs (AF488, green) indicate carrier localization. Data are mean ± s.d. ( n = 3). Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (** p < 0.01).

Article Snippet: DU145 human prostate cancer cells (ATCC HTB-81) were cultured in high-glucose DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 0.1% penicillin–streptomycin at 37 °C in a humidified 5% CO 2 atmosphere.

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Membrane, Incubation, Labeling, Construct